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GUIDELINES FOR STEPFAMILIES

 

1. If you are divorced, you may wish to be careful about introducing a person you are dating too quickly into the lives of your children. This is particularly true if you are dating several people.

 

2. If you are widowed, the children may need time and space to grieve their deceased parent. Children also need time to grieve a divorce.

 

3. If you are engaged, be clear to the children that your decision to remarry is your decision, not theirs. Give your children plenty of time to get to know your future spouse. Allow the stepfamily relationships time to develop. Don't expect "instant love." Reassure your children that your new relationship will not diminish their relationship with you. To reinforce this, arrange to spend time alone with them.

 

4. To help children feel more secure‑‑as well as to avoid loyalty conflicts‑‑try to avoid critical remarks about former spouses.

 

5. Loyalty conflicts among the children are quite common and to be expected, particularly among adolescents. You may want to let the children know you understand and accept their loyalty to their natural parent. Stepparents should not attempt to displace the role of a natural parent.

 

6. It is best not to try to adopt your stepchildren if their natural parent is living.

 

7. Encourage the children to talk about their original families, allow them to display pictures of their natural parent if they wish.

 

8. If possible, you may want to begin your new stepfamily life in a new home or apartment.

 

9. Let the children know what they should call a stepparent. Generally first names are preferred. As a stepparent, try to create a role for yourself very different from that of the natural parent.

 

10. Do not try too hard. This may cause stronger resistance from the stepchildren.

 

11. The couple needs to arrange private time to nourish their couple relationship. Their relationship is primary and may be a positive model for the children.

 

12. Although the children may be aware of the couple's new sexual relationship, it may be

 


necessary to minimize some of the sexual aspects of the household by keeping displays of affection to a minimum.

 

13. Make arrangements for "visiting" or noncustodial children to have a special place reserved for their clothes, toys, etc. Give them a chore and try to include them in some of the family activities.

 

14. Plan family activities that involve not only all family members, but also the different subgroups, e.g., parent, children and stepparent; parent, children; parent and individual children, etc.

 

15. Ask your parents to accept the stepchildren. Grandparents are very important to the unity of the stepfamily.

 

16. As much as possible. The natural parent should continue to be the primary disciplinarian. Violating this rule is a source of intense conflict in many stepfamilies. While it may be appropriate for a stepparent to discipline a small child, attempting to discipline an older child or adolescent may cause significant discord and loyalty conflicts.

 

17. Within reason, try to treat the children and stepchildren with equal fairness.

 

18. Flexibility is a must in the stepfamily structure because of the multitude of differences.

 

19. Don't try to buy your children or stepchildren's approval or cooperation.

 

20. Present a united front to the children. The couple's unity is vital to the functioning of the stepfamily.

 

21. If adolescent or older children or stepchildren have previously been fairly independent, allow them to remain so within reason,

 

22. Parents feel hurt, angry and resentful at times. They may wish the older children would grow up quickly and move out. If you sometimes have these feelings, you are not the "wicked" stepparent. You are only human.


STEPFAMILIES

A. Myths

1.Reconstituted nuclear family

2.Instant love

3."Wicked stepmother"

B. Structural Characteristics

1.All stepfamily members have experienced important losses

2.All members come with past family histories

3.Parent
‑child bonds predate the new couple relationship

4.There is a biological
‑parent elsewhere, either living or deceased.

5.Children are often members of two households.

6.No leqal relationship exists between stepparent
‑and stepchild.

C. Developmental Tasks

1.Mourning of losses

2.Negotiation and development of new traditions

3.Formation of new alliances and preservation of old alliances that are still important

4.Stepfamily integration

D. Dynamic Issues

1.Outsiders vs insiders

2.Boundary disputes

3.Power issues

4.Conflicting loyalties

5.Rigid unproductive triangle

6.Unity vs fragmentation of the new couple relationship

E. Important Factors in Successful Stepfamily Functioning

1.Knowledge and recognition of what to expect in this type of family.

2.Good couple unity

3.Space for children to continue to relate to both biological parents.

4.Civil relationship between all the parental adults.

Visher
‑Visher Normal Family Processes Walsh 1982 Jacob J. Elliott & Assoc., Inc., 5600 Monroe St., Sylvania, OH

ISSUES IN STEPFAMILY LIVING

I REMARRIAGE

A. All individuals have sustained deep losses. Tasks:

Incomplete mourning may need completion.

The need to relinquish a number of myths. a.of instant adjustment b.that the form and structure of a stepfamily is the same as that of a biological family.

II CHILDREN

A. There is no period without children and all are coming with baggage from past families former tribal rites. Tasks:

To negotiate and form new family traditions and memories.

To recognize that things are not right or wrong there are just differences.

B. Parent child relationships are older than new couple relationships and the step relationship. Tasks:

To preserve old parent child relationships.

To have outsiders become insiders.

To form new interpersonal relationships.

To work on the couple relationship (in spite of the guilt of the remarried parent).

To settle power issues so adults are able to have a team working together. (This provides a model for the children's future couple relationships.)

To accept birth of children into this unit.

III INDIVIDUATION OF FAMILY MEMBERS

A. Biological parent somewhere else. Tasks:

To establish household boundaries (permeable).

To separate marital issues between ex-spouses and respect parent child issues.

B. Children are often members of two family units, with different parenting skills. Tasks:

To be able to share children.

Wherever possible, use concepts of coparenting and sharing of custody.

To have civil relationships between all adults so children are not pawns.

To get away from seeing one household as Right and the other as Wrong. ( This reduces loyalty conflicts, allows children to accept and care for all parenting adults and experience the richness of diversity of models, larger kinship networks, etc.)

Acceptance of change as "normal."

C. The legal relationship between stepparents and stepchildren is ambiguous or nonexistent. Tasks:

To risk the formation of new relationships.

To forge lasting relationships without legal sanctions.

To allow former relationships between children and their relatives.

IV. DEPARTURE OF CHILDREN (More complex because there are two households in actuality or in memory., Some leave earlier, some hang on longer.)

Custody changes during adolescence. Tasks:

Need looser structure and be comfortable with it.

Leaving the door open for future adult-adult relationships.

Many long term cutoff relationships are eventually restored.

V. INTEGRATION OF LOSS (Continuing need to deal with stepfamily differences. Nodal points in families: weddings, births, bar mitzvahs, deaths.) Tasks:

To consciously maintain a deep couple commitment.

To be creative and accept it as a different structure.

VISHER & VISHER Chicago 1982 Jacob J. Elliott & Assoc., Inc., 5600 Monroe St., Sylvania, OH


CHILDREN


PARENTS


STEPPARENTS


Remarriage reawakens feelings of loss regarding parental divorce yet particularly young children have desires for a "whole family"


Remarriage is seen as a new beginning


Remarriage is a new beginning but anxiety abut stepparent role


Children "cannot take a new parent", stepparent may be seen as the symbol of the loss


Can take a new spouse


Wants time with new partner


Questions raised internally for children: Who am I? Where do I belong? Does my remarried parent still love me? == fear of future


Parent wanting to spend time with new partner, which means redirecting time and energy/attention from patterns formed in single parent family (may give rise to feelings of guilt). May feel caught in the middle between child and new partner.


Having to share spouse with children who are also a reminder of spouse's former marriage (May arouse feelings of jealousy and competition).


Can I like this new
stepparent or will I
be betraying my parent?
Will receiving/accepting
affection mean that I
am being disloyal? 
 
===loyalty conflict
            


Natural parent may be fostering , wishing stepparent could replace original parent


May have "savior fantasies"
--wanting to meet all of children's needs
-- also wanting to prove self to spouse


Children have certain amount of distrust based on previous experience in his family, thus may feel vulnerable/wary of allowing this new stepparent into their lives immediately


Sending indirect messages to new spouse ("if you love me, you'll love my children.")Yet at the same time, too protective of children & not really letting new stepparent in particularly when it comes to disciplining


Yet didn't choose to be a parent . Is doing many things for children yet children still making it clear they love natural parent more. Can begin to feel unappreciated: hurt, frustration,, resentment begin to rise


Feeling displaced


Additional concerns for children if there are also stepsiblings since they not only have to share parent with a new adult but also with other kids.


Fear of failing. Feeling like the betrayer (both when living with children and when not living with children, esp. if living with step children)


Feeling like or seen as the betrayer


STRENGTHS OF STEPFAMILY LIVING FOR CHILDREN

 

Despite all the challenges, living in a stepfamily can be a positive and rewarding experience for everyone involved.

 

1.    New people/new experience.

 

2.    Positive model of adult intimacy and marriage.

 

3.    More adults available.

 

4.    Parent happier.

 

5.    Learn Cooperation/flexibility/sharing.

 

6.    Stepparent more objective.

 

7.    Adults more experienced/mature/motivated.

 

8.    Stepchildren more adaptable.

 

9.    Stepfamily more stable.

 

10.  Change in birth order.

©Christopher Hershman 2007-2012

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